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Observations from Uppsala Computer Simulation, Virtual Platforms, Embedded Programming, Multicore and More (by Jakob Engblom)

Tag Archives: Cycle Accuracy

Dragons can be Useful – when AT Models Make Sense

2012 November 12 15:51 / 4 Comments / Jakob

Carbon Design Systems keeps putting out interesting blog posts at a good pace. Bill Neifert at recently put up a blog post about the various of speed/accuracy tradeoffs you can make when building virtual platforms. The main message of the blog is that you should use a mix of fast models (TLM + JIT, like the ARM Fast Models) and cycle-accurate generated-from-RTL models (like the models generated by Carbon’s tools). By switching between the levels of abstraction when you need to go fast or go deep, you get something that is pretty much the best of both worlds (I already blogged about the change between abstraction before). It makes perfect sense, and I am all with him. There are dragons in the middle land.

However, I do not quite agree with Bill about the absolute uselessness of the intermediate types of models, like SystemC TLM-2.0 AT.  Basically, what is traditionally called “cycle accurate modeling” (while not derived from RTL).

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Posted in: computer simulation technology, virtual platforms / Tagged: Bill Neifert, Carbon, clock-cycle models, cycle accuracy, dragons

“Eagle” Cycle-Accurate Simulator Anno 1979

2012 July 21 20:40 / 1 Comment / Jakob

I recently read the classic book The Soul of a New Machine by Tracy Kidder. Even though it describes the project to build a machine that was launched more than 30 years ago, the story is still fresh and familiar. Corporate intrigue, managing difficult people, clever engineering, high pressure, all familiar ingredients in computing today just as it was back then. With my interesting in computer history and simulation, I was delighted to actually find a simulator in the story too! It was a cycle-accurate simulator of the design, programmed in 1979.

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Posted in: computer architecture, computer simulation technology, history of computing, virtual platforms / Tagged: 32-bit, cycle accuracy, Data General, Eclipse MV/8000, Soul of a new Machine, Tracy Kidder

Some Fun Cache Results from Carbon

2012 July 6 20:40 / 2 Comments / Jakob

Carbon Design Systems have been on a veritable blogging spree recently, pushing out a large number of posts around various topics. Maybe a bit brief for my taste in most cases (I have a tendency to throw out 1000+ word pseudo-articles when I take the time to write a blog), but sometimes very interesting nevertheless. I particularly liked a few posts on cache analysis, as they presented some good insight into not-quite-expected processor and cache behaviors.

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Posted in: computer architecture, computer simulation technology, EDA, ESL / Tagged: cache, Carbon, cycle accuracy, performance optimization

GPGPU for Instruction-Set Simulation – Maybe, Maybe not

2011 October 8 21:17 / Leave a Comment / Jakob

I just read a quite interesting article by Christian Pinto et al, “GPGPU-Accelerated Parallel and Fast Simulation of Thousand-core Platforms“, published at the CCGRID 2011 conference. It discusses some work in using a GPGPU to run simulations of massively parallel computers, using the parallelism of the GPU to speed the simulation. Intriguing concept, but the execution is not without its flaws and it is unclear at least from the paper just how well this generalizes, scales, or compares to parallel simulation on a general-purpose multicore machine.

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Posted in: articles, computer architecture, computer simulation technology, multicore software, parallel computing, programming / Tagged: CCGrid, cycle accuracy, GPGPU, GPU, simulation

Pipeline Performance Simulator Anno 1960

2010 May 3 20:56 / 1 Comment / Jakob

I have just found what almost has to be the first cycle-accurate computer simulator in history. According to the article “Stretch-ing is Great Exercise — It Gets You in Shape to Win” by Frederick Brooks (the man behind the Mythical Man-Month) in the January-March 2010 issue of IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, IBM created a simulator of the pipeline for the IBM 7030 “Stretch” computer developed from 1956 to 1961 (photo from IBM.com).

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Posted in: computer architecture, computer simulation technology, history of computing / Tagged: clock-cycle models, cycle accuracy, Frederick Brooks, Harwood Kolsky, IBM, IBM 7030, ISCA, pipeline, Tensilica

Adding to Schirrmeister’s Virtual Platform Myth Busting

2009 February 18 13:22 / 2 Comments / Jakob

opinionFrank Schirrmeister of Synopsys recently published a blog post called “Busting Virtual Platform Myths – Part 1: “Virtual Platforms are for application software only”. In it, he is refuting a claim by Eve that virtual platforms are for application-level software-development only, basically claiming that they are mostly for driver and OS development and citing some Synopsys-Virtio Innovator examples of such uses. In his view, most appication-software is being developed using host-compiled techniques.  I want to add to this refutal by adding that application-software is surely a very important — and large — use case for virtual platforms.

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Posted in: embedded software, embedded systeme, ESL, multicore software, programming, virtual platforms / Tagged: clock-cycle models, cycle accuracy, Eve, Frank Schirrmeister, freescale, Grant Martin, Lauro Ritazzi, p4080, Simics, software tools, Synopsys

Is Cycle Accuracy a bad Idea?

2008 July 11 22:45 / 8 Comments / Jakob

In a funny coincidence, I published an article at SCDSource.com about the need for cycle-accurate models for virtual platforms on the same day that ARM announced that they were selling their cycle-accurate simulators and associated tool chain to Carbon Technology. That makes one wonder where cycle-accuracy is going, or whether it is a valid idea at all… is ARM right or am I right, or are we both right since we are talking about different things?

Let’s look at this in more detail.

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Posted in: computer simulation technology, EDA, ESL, virtual platforms / Tagged: AMD, ARM, Axys, Carbon Technology, clock-cycle models, CoWare, cycle accuracy, DEC, Grant Martin, IBM, Infineon, Intel, Modeling, rtl, scdsource

Is SoC (was: ESL) all there is to virtual platforms?

2008 June 11 22:19 / 6 Comments / Jakob

SystemC TLM-2.0 has just been released, and on the heels of that everyone in the EDA world is announcing various varieties of support. TLM-2.0-compliant models, tools that can run TLM-2.0 models, and existing modeling frameworks that are being updated to comply with the TLM-2.0 standard. All of this feeds a general feeling that the so-called Electronic System Level design market (according to Frank Schirrmeister of Synopsys, the term was coined by Gary Smith) is finally reaching a level of maturity where there is hope to grow the market by standards. This is something that has to happen, but it seems to be getting hijacked by a certain part of the market addressing the needs of a certain set of users.

There is more to virtual platforms than ESL. Much more. Remember the pure software people.

Edit: Maybe it is more correct to say “there is more to virtual platforms than SoC”, as that is what several very smart comments to this post has said. ESL is not necessarily tied to SoC, it is in theory at least a broader term. But currently, most tools retain an SoC focus.

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Posted in: computer simulation technology, embedded software, embedded systeme, ESL, multicore computer architecture, programming, virtual platforms / Tagged: C, clock-cycle models, cycle accuracy, Gary Smith, hardware design, SystemC, TLM-2.0

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